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What Is An Auger Drilling And How It’s Used in piling industry

  • May 16, 2025
  • By bitschina@gmail.com

What is an auger drilling?

It is often referred to as “auger drill”or“auger drill bit“and it is one of the indispensable pieces of equipment in construction work .Foundation auger is a drilling method that removes soil or gravel from the ground through the rotation of a helical (screw-shaped) drill bit. It is widely used in piling operations,especially in soft soil, clay, sandy layers and weathered hard rock layer.

Auger Drilling

How is auger drilling used in the piling industry?

Cast-in-situ piles

  • Use an auger (auger) to drill into the ground to create a pile hole.
  • The soil from the auger is brought to the surface through the auger blades.
  • After drilling to the design depth, the auger is withdrawn.
  • Concrete is poured into the hole and a reinforcing cage is inserted (if required) to form a concrete-filled pile.

CFA(Continuous Flight Auger)

  • Using continuous auger rods, holes are drilled in a single pass and the walls are stabilized at the same time.
  • When the hole is drilled to the target depth, instead of pulling out the drill pipe, concrete is pumped into the hole through the hollow drill pipe.
  • The concrete is pumped while the drill rods are withdrawn, and finally the reinforcing cage is inserted.

Can It Cut Through Rock?

Standard auger drilling is primarily designed for soft to medium soils—such as clay, silt, sand, and loose gravel. On its own, it is not ideal for cutting through hard rock formations due to limitations in torque, cutting strength, and tool durability.

However, with proper configuration, auger drilling can handle weathered rock, soft rock, or fractured formations. This typically requires:

  • Specialized rock auger bits with reinforced cutting edges
  • Round shank chisels or bullet teeth made of wear-resistant carbide
  • Higher torque drilling rigs to provide the necessary penetration force.

For solid, unfractured hard rock (like granite or basalt), auger drilling is not recommended. In such cases,It’s better to use drilling bucket and Core Barrel.

The Basics of the Auger Drilling

Auger drilling is a rotary drilling method that uses a helical screw blade—called an auger—to penetrate the ground and remove soil or loose rock. It is a simple, clean, and efficient technique widely used in construction, geotechnical surveys, environmental sampling, and foundation work.

How It Works:

  • Rotation:The auger bit is rotated into the ground by a drilling rig.
  • Soil Removal:As it drills, the helical blades carry the excavated material (soil or debris) up to the surface.
  • Hole Formation:This process creates a borehole, which can be used directly (e.g. for installing a pile) or sampled for testing.

Key Advantages:

  • Fast and efficient in soft to medium soils
  • Clean operation with minimal fluid or slurry
  • Low noise and vibration
  • Ideal for shallow to medium-depth holes

Common Applications:

  • Foundation piling (e.g. CFA piles)
  • Soil sampling and environmental drilling
  • Utility pole or fence installation
  • Ground improvement projects

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